管理对象元数据（.NET SDK）--对象存储-火山引擎

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管理对象元数据（.NET SDK）

最近更新时间：2024.02.04 18:31:07首次发布时间：2023.08.24 14:41:47

对象元信息是对象的属性描述，包括 HTTP 标准属性（HTTP Header）和用户自定义元数据（User Meta）两种。

注意事项

只有对象拥有者，具备设置对象元数据权限。
设置用户自定义元数据时，英文字母自定义元数据 Key 只支持小写，不支持空格等特殊字符。

参数说明

通过 TOS .NET SDK 可以添加和修改已经上传对象的元数据信息。TOS 支持携带以下 6 个请求头来修改对象元数据，在下载对象或者 HEAD 对象时，这些值会设置到 HTTP 头域中返回给客户端。请求头如下所示：

名称	说明
Content-Type	对象类型。
Cache-Control	指定该对象被下载时网页的缓存行为。
Expires	RFC2616 中定义的缓存失效时间。
Content-Disposition	对象被下载时的名称。
Content-Encoding	对象被下载时的内容编码类型。
Content-Language	对象被下载时的内容语言格式。
x-tos-meta-*	使用 SDK 设置 Meta 字段时设置的元数据信息。当查询此对象时，元数据将会在返回消息的 Header 中。

示例代码

普通上传时设置元数据信息

以下代码用于在上传文件时设置缓存策略、缓存过期时间等元数据信息。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using TOS;
using TOS.Error;
using TOS.Model;

namespace ConsoleApp
{
    internal class Program
    {
        private static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var ak = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TOS_ACCESS_KEY");
            var sk = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TOS_SECRET_KEY");
            // endpoint 若没有指定HTTP协议（HTTP/HTTPS），默认使用 HTTPS
            // Bucket 的 Endpoint，以华北2（北京）为例：https://tos-cn-beijing.volces.com
            var endpoint = "https://tos-cn-beijing.volces.com";
            var region = "cn-beijing";
            // 填写 BucketName
            var bucketName = "*** Provide your bucket name ***";
            // 上传对象 Body，以 string 对象为例
            var objectContent = "Hello TOS";
            // 将文件上传到 example_dir 目录下的 example.txt 文件
            var objectKey = "example_dir/example.txt";

            // 创建TOSClient实例
            var client = TosClientBuilder.Builder().SetAk(ak).SetSk(sk).SetEndpoint(endpoint).SetRegion(region).Build();

            try
            {
                byte[] binaryData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(objectContent);
                using (MemoryStream requestContent = new MemoryStream(binaryData))
                {
                    // 创建上传文件输入
                    var putObjectInput = new PutObjectInput()
                    {
                        Bucket = bucketName,
                        Key = objectKey,
                        // 用户自定义元数据信息
                        Meta = new Dictionary<string, string>() { { "key", "value" } },
                        // 设置对象类型
                        ContentType = "text/html",
                        // 设置对象下载时内容语言格式
                        ContentLanguage = "zh-cn",
                        // 设置缓存策略
                        CacheControl = "no-store",
                        // 设置缓存过期时间
                        Expires = DateTime.Now.AddHours(1),
                        // 设置下载内容下载时的名称
                        ContentDisposition = "example.png",
                        // 设置下载时编码类型
                        ContentEncoding = "deflate",
                        Content = requestContent
                    };
                    // 将字符串 “Hello TOS” 上传到指定 example_dir 目录下的 example.txt
                    var putObjectOutput = client.PutObject(putObjectInput);
                    Console.WriteLine("Put object succeeded, ETag: {0} ", putObjectOutput.ETag);
                }
            }
            catch (TosServerException ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Put object failed, request id {0}", ex.RequestID);
                Console.WriteLine("Put object failed, status code {0}", ex.StatusCode);
                Console.WriteLine("Put object failed, response error code {0}", ex.Code);
                Console.WriteLine("Put object failed, response error message {0}", ex.Message);
            }
            catch (TosClientException ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Put object failed, error message {0}", ex.Message);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Put object failed, {0}", ex.Message);
            }
        }
    }
}

分片上传时设置元数据信息

以下代码用于在分片上传时设置缓存策略、缓存过期时间等元数据信息。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using TOS;
using TOS.Error;
using TOS.Model;

namespace ConsoleApp
{
    internal class Program
    {
        private static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var ak = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TOS_ACCESS_KEY");
            var sk = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TOS_SECRET_KEY");
            // endpoint 若没有指定HTTP协议（HTTP/HTTPS），默认使用 HTTPS
            // Bucket 的 Endpoint，以华北2（北京）为例：https://tos-cn-beijing.volces.com
            var endpoint = "https://tos-cn-beijing.volces.com";
            var region = "cn-beijing";
            // 填写 BucketName
            var bucketName = "*** Provide your bucket name ***";
            // 将文件上传到 example_dir 目录下的 example.txt 文件
            var objectKey = "example_dir/example.txt";
            // 需要上传的本地文件
            var localFileName = "/usr/local/test.txt";

            // 创建TOSClient实例
            var client = TosClientBuilder.Builder().SetAk(ak).SetSk(sk).SetEndpoint(endpoint).SetRegion(region).Build();

            // 初始化分片，指定对象权限为私有，存储类型为低频并设置元数据信息
            var uploadID = "";
            try
            {
                var createMultipartUploadInput = new CreateMultipartUploadInput()
                {
                    Bucket = bucketName,
                    Key = objectKey,
                    // 用户自定义元数据信息
                    Meta = new Dictionary<string, string>() { { "key", "value" } },
                    // 设置对象类型
                    ContentType = "text/html",
                    // 设置对象下载时内容语言格式
                    ContentLanguage = "zh-cn",
                    // 设置缓存策略
                    CacheControl = "no-store",
                    // 设置缓存过期时间
                    Expires = DateTime.Now.AddHours(1),
                    // 设置下载内容下载时的名称
                    ContentDisposition = "example.png",
                    // 设置下载时编码类型
                    ContentEncoding = "deflate",
                };
                var createMultipartUploadOutput = client.CreateMultipartUpload(createMultipartUploadInput);
                uploadID = createMultipartUploadOutput.UploadID;
                Console.WriteLine("CreateMultipartUpload succeeded, request id {0}",
                    createMultipartUploadOutput.RequestID);
                Console.WriteLine("CreateMultipartUpload succeeded, upload id {0}", uploadID);
            }
            catch (TosServerException ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("CreateMultipartUpload failed, request id {0}", ex.RequestID);
                Console.WriteLine("CreateMultipartUpload failed, status code {0}", ex.StatusCode);
                Console.WriteLine("CreateMultipartUpload failed, response error code {0}", ex.Code);
                Console.WriteLine("CreateMultipartUpload failed, response error message {0}", ex.Message);
            }
            catch (TosClientException ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("CreateMultipartUpload failed, error message {0}", ex.Message);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("CreateMultipartUpload failed, {0}", ex.Message);
            }

            // part size 大小设置为 20M
            Int64 partSize = 20 * 1024 * 1024;
            // 计算分片信息
            var fi = new FileInfo(localFileName);
            var fileSize = fi.Length;
            var partCount = fileSize / partSize;
            if (fileSize % partSize != 0)
            {
                partCount++;
            }

            var parts = new UploadedPart[partCount];

            // 开始分片上传
            try
            {
                using (var fileStream = File.Open(localFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
                {
                    for (var i = 0; i < partCount; i++)
                    {
                        var offset = partSize * i;
                        // 定位到本次上传的起始位置。
                        fileStream.Seek(offset, 0);
                        // 计算本次上传的分片大小，最后一片为剩余的数据大小。
                        var contentSize = (partSize < fileSize - offset) ? partSize : (fileSize - offset);
                        var UploadPartInput = new UploadPartInput()
                        {
                            Bucket = bucketName,
                            Key = objectKey,
                            UploadID = uploadID,
                            // partNumber 编号从 1 开始
                            PartNumber = i + 1,
                            Content = fileStream,
                            ContentLength = contentSize
                        };
                        var uploadPartOutput = client.UploadPart(UploadPartInput);
                        parts[i] = new UploadedPart { PartNumber = i + 1, ETag = uploadPartOutput.ETag };
                        Console.WriteLine("UploadPart succeeded, request id {0}", uploadPartOutput.RequestID);
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (TosServerException ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("UploadPart failed, request id {0}", ex.RequestID);
                Console.WriteLine("UploadPart failed, status code {0}", ex.StatusCode);
                Console.WriteLine("UploadPart failed, response error code {0}", ex.Code);
                Console.WriteLine("UploadPart failed, response error message {0}", ex.Message);
            }
            catch (TosClientException ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("UploadPart failed, error message {0}", ex.Message);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("UploadPart failed, {0}", ex.Message);
            }

            // 合并分片
            try
            {
                var completeMultipartUploadInput = new CompleteMultipartUploadInput()
                {
                    Bucket = bucketName,
                    Key = objectKey,
                    UploadID = uploadID,
                    Parts = parts
                };
                var completeMultipartUploadOutput = client.CompleteMultipartUpload(completeMultipartUploadInput);
                Console.WriteLine("CompleteMultipartUpload succeeded, request id {0}",
                    completeMultipartUploadOutput.RequestID);
            }
            catch (TosServerException ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("CompleteMultipartUpload failed, request id {0}", ex.RequestID);
                Console.WriteLine("CompleteMultipartUpload failed, status code {0}", ex.StatusCode);
                Console.WriteLine("CompleteMultipartUpload failed, response error code {0}", ex.Code);
                Console.WriteLine("CompleteMultipartUpload failed, response error message {0}", ex.Message);
            }
            catch (TosClientException ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("CompleteMultipartUpload failed, error message {0}", ex.Message);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("CompleteMultipartUpload failed, {0}", ex.Message);
            }
        }
    }
}

通过 SetObjectMeta 设置对象元数据信息

以下代码用于通过 SetObjectMeta 接口更新对象缓存策略、缓存过期时间等元数据信息。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using TOS;
using TOS.Error;
using TOS.Model;

namespace ConsoleApp
{
    internal class Program
    {
        private static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var ak = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TOS_ACCESS_KEY");
            var sk = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TOS_SECRET_KEY");
            // endpoint 若没有指定HTTP协议（HTTP/HTTPS），默认使用 HTTPS
            // Bucket 的 Endpoint，以华北2（北京）为例：https://tos-cn-beijing.volces.com
            var endpoint = "https://tos-cn-beijing.volces.com";
            var region = "cn-beijing";
            // 填写 BucketName
            var bucketName = "*** Provide your bucket name ***";
            // 填写对象名
            var objectKey = "*** Provide your object key ***";

            // 创建TOSClient实例
            var client = TosClientBuilder.Builder().SetAk(ak).SetSk(sk).SetEndpoint(endpoint).SetRegion(region).Build();

            try
            {
                // 设置对象元数据信息
                var setObjectMetaInput = new SetObjectMetaInput()
                {
                    Bucket = bucketName,
                    Key = objectKey,
                    // 用户自定义元数据信息
                    Meta = new Dictionary<string, string>() { { "key", "value" } },
                    // 设置对象类型
                    ContentType = "text/html",
                    // 设置对象下载时内容语言格式
                    ContentLanguage = "zh-cn",
                    // 设置缓存策略
                    CacheControl = "no-store",
                    // 设置缓存过期时间
                    Expires = DateTime.Now.AddHours(1),
                    // 设置下载内容下载时的名称
                    ContentDisposition = "example.png",
                    // 设置下载时编码类型
                    ContentEncoding = "deflate",
                };

                var setObjectMetaOutput = client.SetObjectMeta(setObjectMetaInput);
                Console.WriteLine("Set object meta succeeded, request id: {0} ", setObjectMetaOutput.RequestID);
            }
            catch (TosServerException ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Set object meta failed, request id {0}", ex.RequestID);
                Console.WriteLine("Set object meta failed, status code {0}", ex.StatusCode);
                Console.WriteLine("Set object meta failed, response error code {0}", ex.Code);
                Console.WriteLine("Set object meta failed, response error message {0}", ex.Message);
            }
            catch (TosClientException ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Set object meta failed, error message {0}", ex.Message);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Set object meta failed, {0}", ex.Message);
            }
        }
    }
}

查询对象元数据信息（判断对象是否存在）

注意

获取对象元数据之前，您需要确保账号必须拥有 tos:GetObject 权限，具体操作，请参见 IAM策略概述。

以下代码用于查询对象元数据信息，以及判断对象是否存在，如果对象不存在，则会返回报错信息。

using System;
using TOS;
using TOS.Error;
using TOS.Model;

namespace ConsoleApp
{
    internal class Program
    {
        private static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var ak = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TOS_ACCESS_KEY");
            var sk = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TOS_SECRET_KEY");
            // endpoint 若没有指定HTTP协议（HTTP/HTTPS），默认使用 HTTPS
            // Bucket 的 Endpoint，以华北2（北京）为例：https://tos-cn-beijing.volces.com
            var endpoint = "https://tos-cn-beijing.volces.com";
            var region = "cn-beijing";
            // 填写 BucketName
            var bucketName = "*** Provide your bucket name ***";
            // 填写对象名
            var objectKey = "*** Provide your object key ***";

            // 创建TOSClient实例
            var client = TosClientBuilder.Builder().SetAk(ak).SetSk(sk).SetEndpoint(endpoint).SetRegion(region).Build();

            try
            {
                var headObjectInput = new HeadObjectInput()
                {
                    Bucket = bucketName,
                    Key = objectKey,
                };

                var headObjectOutput = client.HeadObject(headObjectInput);
                Console.WriteLine("HeadObject succeeded, Request ID: {0} ", headObjectOutput.RequestID);
                // 查看内容语言格式
                Console.WriteLine("HeadObject succeeded, Response ContentLanguage: {0} ",
                    headObjectOutput.ContentLanguage);
                // 查看下载时的名称
                Console.WriteLine("HeadObject succeeded, Response ContentDisposition: {0} ",
                    headObjectOutput.ContentDisposition);
                // 查看编码类型
                Console.WriteLine("HeadObject succeeded, Response ContentEncoding: {0} ",
                    headObjectOutput.ContentEncoding);
                // 查看缓存策略
                Console.WriteLine("HeadObject succeeded, Response CacheControl: {0} ", headObjectOutput.CacheControl);
                // 查看对象类型
                Console.WriteLine("HeadObject succeeded, Response ContentType: {0} ", headObjectOutput.ContentType);
                // 查看缓存过期时间
                Console.WriteLine("HeadObject succeeded, Response Expires: {0} ", headObjectOutput.Expires);
            }
            catch (TosServerException ex)
            {
                // 判断对象是否存在
                if (ex.StatusCode == 404)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Object not found");
                }
                else
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("HeadObject failed, Request ID {0}", ex.RequestID);
                    Console.WriteLine("HeadObject failed, Status Code {0}", ex.StatusCode);
                    Console.WriteLine("HeadObject failed, Response Error Code {0}", ex.Code);
                    Console.WriteLine("HeadObject failed, Response Error Message {0}", ex.Message);
                }
            }
            catch (TosClientException ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("HeadObject failed, Error Message {0}", ex.Message);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("HeadObject failed, {0}", ex.Message);
            }
        }
    }
}

对象存储